SHOḤAT, ELIEZER

SHOḤAT, ELIEZER
SHOḤAT, ELIEZER (1874–1971), Second Aliyah pioneer, a founder of Ha-Po'el ha-Ẓa'ir. Born in Liskova, Belorussia, Shoḥat settled in Ereẓ Israel in 1904. He began work in Petaḥ Tikvah as one the first laborers of the Second Aliyah and founded Ha-Po'el ha-Ẓa'ir along with eight other pioneers (1905). He was one of the first Jewish laborers to enter Galilee (1906), became a founding member (1907) of Ha-Ḥoresh (the first Jewish laborers' association in Galilee), a worker at Umm Juni (Deganyah) in 1910, a founder of the Galilee labor federation   (1911), a member of the labor group at Merḥavyah in 1911 (which resulted in his imprisonment at Acre), and a founder of the first moshav ovedim, Nahalal (1921). He was a member of the Asefat ha-Nivḥarim. Shoḥat elaborated the labor movement ideology based on Jewish national and moral values. He compiled and edited labor movement literature, notably Pirkei Ha-Po'el ha-Ẓa'ir (13 vols., coedited with Ḥayyim Shurer), and edited the writings of labor leaders, including three volumes of the writings of A.D. Gordon (coedited with S.H. Bergman ). His articles, speeches, and letters were published in Bi-Netivei Avodah (19672). He was a brother of israel shochat . -BIBLIOGRAPHY: S. Sheva, Shevet ha-No'azim (1969). (Yosef Shapiro)

Encyclopedia Judaica. 1971.

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